Thursday, 24 January 2013

LP Level 2: Terms and definitions of Chapter 1 Topic 1

Habituation: Decrease in response “to a stimulus after repeated exposure” (Macmillan, 2008. P3).
Example: Because there is so much violence in the media, people are no longer shocked            when they see pictures of violent protests on the news.  
Habituation is also referred to as adaptation (i.e. the process of taking on new information that alters you behavior to fit to your circumstances) since adaptation “involves adjusting to new experiences (2008, P 3)   
Conditioning: Associating /combine “a stimulus / [motivation] with a response” (2008. P 3).
Social learning: Those things you learn by observing/ (studying) hoe other behave.
Cognitive learning: The learning proce3ss that involves receiving, processing, storing and applying    information.
Rote Learning: Learning something through repetition, i.e. like a parrot. This way of learning does not involve any form of critical thinking about what the person is learning. An example of this would be a rhyme used to learn the alphabet that the child has to repeat over and over aging.
Meaningful learning:  It involves critical thinking and the “acquisition of a complex network of   interrelated ideas and concepts” (2008. P 3).  The result of this form of learning is the long term retention of what was being taught or observed/studied.
 Learning Psychology: It is a field of study that focuses on both “the concept of learning and that of psychology, which means looking at the learning process in more depth than simply from an educational” perspective (2008. P 4).
Psychology: “[T]he study of the mind and how it influences people’s behavior” (2008. P 3)

Rough Zulu translation:
Habituation: Nciphisa lapho ephendula 'kuze umfutho emva exposure okuphindaphindiwe "(Macmillan, 2008 P3.). 
Isibonelo: Ngoba kukhona udlame kakhulu abezindaba, bantu ingasakwazi washaqeka lapho bebona izithombe imibhikisho enobudlova ezindabeni. Habituation ibuye ngokuthi lithathelwe (ie inqubo ukuthatha olwazini olusha ukuthi okushintsha ukuziphatha kwakho ukuba uvumelane nezimo zakho) kusukela lithathelwe "kuhilela ukuzivumelanisa nakho okusha" (2008, P 3) 
Conditioning: Ukuhlangana / sihlanganise "umfutho / [ugqozi] nge impendulo" (. 2008 P 3).
Lokufunda Social: Lezo zinto ufunda ngokubheka / (ufundela) Hoe nezinye iziphathe. 
Lokufunda engqondweni yethu: The proce3ss lokufunda ukuthi kuhilela eyamukelayo, processing, ukugcina nangokusebenzisa ilwazi. 
Ukufunda ushiwo: Ukufunda into ngokusebenzisa ukuphindaphinda, okungukuthi like upholi. Le ndlela yokufunda aluhileli iluphi uhlobo ukucabanga esibucayi ngalokho umuntu akufundayo. Isibonelo salokhu bekungaba imvumelwano esetshenziswa ukuba bafunde izinhlamvu wokuthi ingane kufanele ukuphinda elokhu ukuguga. 
Lokufunda okunenjongo: It kuhilela imicabango lejulile kanye 'ukuthola lapho inethiwekhi eziyinkimbinkimbi imibono esihlobene nasemiqondweni "(2008 P 3.). Umphumela walokhu fomu ukufunda kwawo term eside nalokho okufundiswayo noma waphawula / wafunda. 
  Ukufunda Psychology: Kuyinto insimu yokutadisha ogxile kokubili 'nomqondo yokufunda nokuthi of kwengqondo, okusho ebuka inqubo yokufunda in ukujula nje kusukela ezemfundo "ngokwesiprofetho (2008 P 4.). 

Psychology: "[T] he Ukutadisha ingqondo kanjani unomthelela ukuziphatha kwabantu" (. 2008 P 3)

Wednesday, 23 January 2013

Introduction for my LP level 2 students

The first question you might ask is: Why should I study LP?
LP is important since it gives you, the student, the needed theoretical insight into what is learning and how to use these theories to help your future student learn better. Lp is then a theoretical science which looks at “the understanding of learning, the learner and the learning environment” (Macmillan, 2008. P 3). Learning is something that is central to our lives and “relies on the acquisition, [gaining of], different types of knowledge. It leads a person to develop new capacities/ [ability], skills values, perspectives/ [points of view], and preferences” (2008. P 3).   Finally Lp includes the study of human behaviour form many different points of views of theories which includes the individuals “mental processes, social behavior and development,” all of which includes and involves learning (2008. P 3).  

For my LP Level 4's: Outline of Chapter 1


For my LP Level 4: Theories of learning:

This year you will basically be studying a summery of all the theory you have done in their delineated psychological paradigm in chapter 1.Let me then begin with an overview of the different theories you will
be looking at. Below is a list of all the theories, their theorists and key terms, as we go along you will be able to fill in the definition of each term, how it applies to their specific theory and
to which theorist:
                                                         1.      Theory of social learning
Key Theorists :
Julian Rotter
Albert Bandura
Walter Mischel

Key terms:
Enactive learning
Vicarious learning
Observational Learning
Cognition
•       Attention
•       Retention
•       Production
•       Motivation
Symbolize
Forethought
Self-regulation
Self-reflection
Reciprocal determinism

                                                            2.      Behaviorist theory
Key Theorists
:
Ivan Pavlov
John B. Watson
Edward Lee Thorndike
BF Skinner

Key terms:
Classical conditioning
•       Acquisition
•       Reinforcement
•       Generalization
•       Discrimination
•       Extinction
•       Spontaneous return
Operant conditioning
•       Acquisition
•       Reinforcement
•       Punishment
•       Generalization
•       Discrimination
•       Extinction
•       Spontaneous recovery
•       Shaping

Unconditioned response
Stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus
Conditioned response
Conditioned stimulus
Little Albert experiment
Trial and error learning


                                                3.      Cognitive and constructivist theory
Key Theorists:
Cognitive:
Robert M. Gagne
David Paul Ausubel
Jean Piaget

Key terms
Information process model
Cyclic
Sequence
Receptors
Sensory register
Effectors
Schemas
Adaptive process
Assimilation
Accommodation
Equilibration
Accumulate

Constructivist:
John Dewy
Jerome Bruner

Key terms:
Hypotheses
Transactional model
Dialogue

                                    4.      Socio-cultural and ecological theory
Key Theorists:
Social-cultural:
 Lev Vygotsky

Key terms
Zone of proximal development (ZPD)
Scaffolding
Mediation

Ecological:
Urie Bronfenbrenner
Key terms

Isolation
Proximity
Frequency
•       Microsystem
•       Mesisystem
•       Exosystem
•       Macrosystem
•       Chronosystem
Compounded
Variables

                                                5.      Theory of multiple intelligences
Key Theorists:
Howard Gardner

Key terms:
1)      Logical-mathematical intelligence
2)      Linguistic intelligence
3)      Interpersonal intelligence
4)      Intrapersonal intelligence
5)      Musical intelligence
6)      Spatial intelligence
7)      Bodily-kinaesthetic intelligence
8)      Naturalistic intelligence


                                                            6.      Theory of maturation
Key Theorists
Arnold Gesell

Key terms:
Stages of development

This is then an outline of what will be taught in Chapter 1. As you can see it is allot, but if you divide the theories into nature and nurture in origin then it becomes easier to distinguish the different

theories. Please make sure that you fill in, in you own words, the definition of all the terms mentioned.

Best regards,
Mr. Keyser

Rough Zulu translation: 
Ukuze LP my Level 4: Ulwazi zokufunda: 

Lo nyaka wena uyobe ngokuyisisekelo kube etadisha summery yabo bonke theory okwenzile ku Paradigm yabo kwengqondo okuchaza esahlukweni 1.Let ke mina siqale wayo yonke imibono ehlukene wena uzobe ukubuka. Ngezansi uhlu zonke-mbono, theorists abo kanye ngokulandela ababalulekile, njengoba siqhubeka kanye nawe uzokwazi ugcwalise kwencazelo ithemu ngayinye, kusebenza kanjani ithiyori yabo ethize kanye 
okungazange umhlaziyi: 
                                                          1. Theory of learning social 
Theorists Key: 
Julian Rotter 
Albert Bandura 
Walter Mischel 

Amagama angukhiye: 
zokufunda Enactive 
zokufunda icala ngezenzo zabasebenzi 
Ukufunda elibukelayo 
Cognition 
• Qaphela 
• Ukugcinwa 
• Ukukhiqizwa 
• Isisusa 
zifanekisela 
kusengaphambili 
Ukuzithiba 
Self-reflection 
determinism sokugezana kwezandla ngomphakeli 

                                                             2. Theory Behaviorist 
Theorists Key: 
ivan kuzmin 
John B. Watson 
Edward Lee Thorndike 
BF Skinner 

Amagama angukhiye: 
conditioning Classical 
• Ukuthola 
• ukugcizelela 
• Isimiso 
• Ukubandlulula 
• Ukuqothulwa 
• ukubuya okuzenzekelayo 
conditioning Operant 
• Ukuthola 
• ukugcizelela 
• Isijeziso 
• Isimiso 
• Ukubandlulula 
• Ukuqothulwa 
• alulame okuzenzekelayo 
• ekwakheni 

Ukusabela Unconditioned 
umfutho 
umfutho Unconditioned 
Ukusabela moya 
umfutho moya 
Little Albert ukuhlola 
Amaphutha lokufunda 


                                                 3. Theory ekubamba kwengcondvo futhi constructivist 
Theorists Key: 
engqondweni yethu: 
Robert M. Gagne 
David Paul Ausubel 
Jean Piaget 

Amagama angukhiye 
Inqubo Ukwaziswa imodeli 
Cyclic 
kulandzelanisa 
ezenza 
irejista yemizwa 
Effectors 
Schemas 
inqubo oluhambelana 
nokwenziwa 
kuhlala 
Equilibration 
buthelela 

Constructivist: 
john Dewy 
uJerome Bruner 

Amagama angukhiye: 
imicabango 
model wokuzitlamela 
Dialogue 

                                     4. Ithiyori Socio-zamasiko imvelo 
Theorists Key: 
Social-zamasiko: 
  Lev Vygotsky 

Amagama angukhiye 
Indawo yentuthuko proximal (ZPD) 
Scaffolding 
Mediation 

imvelo: 
Urie Bronfenbrenner 
Amagama angukhiye 
ngabodwa 
ukusondela 
imvamisa 
• Microsystem 
• Mesisystem 
• Exosystem 
• Macrosystem 
• Chronosystem 
wawuhlanganisa 
eziguquguqukayo 

                                                 5. Theory of intelligence amaningi 
Theorists Key: 
Howard Gardner 

Amagama angukhiye: 
1) intelligence ngendlela enengqondo-zezibalo 
2) intelligence yolimi 
3) intelligence samakhono 
4) intelligence Intrapersonal 
5) Musical intelligence 
6) intelligence Spatial 
7) intelligence umzimba-Umnyakato 
8) intelligence imvelo 


                                                             6. Theory of nokuvuthwa 
Theorists Key 
Arnold Gesell 

Amagama angukhiye: 
Izigaba yentuthuko 

Lena ke uhlaka walokho kuyobe bafundiswe eSahlukweni 1. Njengoba ubona ukuthi usuke abela, kodwa uma ehlukanisa imibono ukwakheka begodu sikhulisa in imvelaphi ke kuba lula ukuhlukanisa lo ehlukene 
-mbono. Sicela uqinisekise ukuthi ugcwalisa, ngo ungumnikazi amazwi, incazelo yonke imigomo okukhulunywa. 

Ozithobayo, 

Mnu Keyser